Prelims Current Affairs includes International Day Of Innocent Children Victims Of Aggression, Bangladesh Elected To Lead 81st Un General Assembly Session, Aukus Trilateral Security Partnership , India-Nepal Border Dispute, India To Launch Producer Price Index (Ppi) In 2026, Delhi High Court Recognises Right To Be Forgotten, Maha Water Mission Launched, India Conducts Successful Flight-Test Of Rudra M-Ii Missile, Tamil Nadu Farmer Honoured As Un Fao Soil Farmer Hero & Indian Students Win Earth Prize 2026 With Plas-Stick Innovation

IMPORTANT DAYS

1. INTERNATIONAL DAY OF INNOCENT CHILDREN VICTIMS OF AGGRESSION

Current Context: The International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression is observed on 4 June to raise awareness about the suffering of children affected by armed conflicts.

ABOUT THE DAY

• It was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1982.
• The day was originally created in response to the large number of Palestinian and Lebanese children affected during the 1982 Lebanon conflict.

INTERNATIONAL

2. BANGLADESH ELECTED TO LEAD 81ST UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY SESSION

Current Context: Bangladesh’s Foreign Minister Khalilur Rahman was elected President of the United Nations General Assembly for its 81st session on 2 June 2026.

ABOUT THE ELECTION

• Term: One year (81st session begins on 8 September 2026)
• Allocation: Presidency allocated to Asia-Pacific Group under UN’s regional rotation system
• Khalilur Rahman’s background: Over four decades of diplomatic experience; served as Bangladesh’s National Security Adviser and High Representative on Rohingya Issue
• Marks Bangladesh’s return to the UNGA presidency after nearly 40 years.
• The last Bangladeshi to hold the post was Humayun Rashid Choudhury during the 41st UNGA Session (1986-87).

INTERNATIONAL

3. AUKUS TRILATERAL SECURITY PARTNERSHIP

Current Context: The AUKUS alliance members announced that they will develop advanced underwater drone systems and further deepen their maritime relationship.

Advanced Underwater Drone Systems

• Advanced Underwater Drone Systems are Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) that operate below the sea surface without onboard human operators.
• They are used for military, scientific, commercial, and environmental purposes.

ABOUT AUKUS

• AUKUS is a trilateral security partnership between: Australia, United Kingdom and United States
• Announced on 15 September 2021.
• Established to strengthen security and strategic cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Purpose: Boost defense capabilities, accelerate technological integration, expand industrial capacity; strengthen ability to support security and defense interests in Indo-Pacific region
• Two Key Pillars:
  • Pillar 1: Support Australia to acquire first conventionally armed, nuclear-powered submarine fleet (does not involve transfer of nuclear weapons)
  • Pillar 2: Cooperation in eight advanced military capability areas – AI, quantum technologies, innovation, information sharing, cyber, undersea, hypersonic, counter-hypersonic, and electronic warfare domains

 INTERNATIONAL

4. INDIA-NEPAL BORDER DISPUTE

Current Context: Nepal Prime Minister Balen Shah triggered a domestic political storm by claiming that Nepal has also encroached on Indian territory, challenging Kathmandu’s traditional narrative.

ABOUT THE DISPUTE

• The India-Nepal border dispute primarily concerns the Kalapani-Lipulekh-Limpiyadhura region in the western sector of the India-Nepal border.
• The dispute originates from differing interpretations of the Treaty of Sugauli signed in 1816 between Nepal and the British East India Company.
• Treaty of Sugauli (1816) following Anglo-Nepalese War – Nepal renounced claims to territories west of River Kali, but treaty did not include official map or define exact geographic source of the river
• Modern escalation (2020) Nepalese Parliament passed Second Constitutional Amendment adopting new political map incorporating Kalapani, Limpiyadhura, and Lipulekh into Nepal (India rejected as unilateral artificial enlargement)
• Kalapani: Located at the tri-junction of India, Nepal, and China (Tibet).Administered by India since the 1962 India-China War. Nepal claims it as part of its Darchula district.
• Lipulekh Pass: Strategic Himalayan pass connecting India with Tibet. Important for trade and the Mount Kailash-Mansarovar pilgrimage route.
• Limpiyadhura: Nepal claims that the Kali (Mahakali) River originates here, which would place Kalapani and Lipulekh within Nepalese territory.

ECONOMY

5. INDIA TO LAUNCH PRODUCER PRICE INDEX (PPI) IN 2026

Current Context: India will launch a new Producer Price Index (PPI) series and a revised Wholesale Price Index (WPI) series on 15 June 2026 with base year 2022-23.

About PRODUCER PRICE INDEX (PPI)

• PPI measures the average change in prices received by producers for goods and services over time.
• It tracks price movements at the first point of commercial transaction, before products reach consumers. It is widely used across advanced economies as a key inflation indicator.
• The existing Wholesale Price Index (WPI) mainly covers goods and excludes most services.
• PPI will provide a broader measure by covering both goods and services.
• It will improve inflation analysis and policymaking.
• It will align India’s statistical framework with international standards recommended by organizations such as the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.
• The index is being developed by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
• Launch date: 15 June 2026
• New PPI framework: Three indices – Output PPI, Input PPI (trial for manufacturing), Service PPI (covers Banking, Insurance, Railways, Telecom)
• Transition period: WPI and PPI will run in parallel for five years before WPI is discontinued

ABOUT WPI

• Wholesale Price Index (WPI) measures the average change in prices of goods traded in bulk at the wholesale level before they reach consumers. It is one of the key indicators used to measure inflation in India.
• Released monthly by the Office of the Economic Adviser, Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• The government is considering revising the base year from 2011-12 to 2022-23 to better capture current economic realities and support the introduction of the Producer Price Index (PPI).
• Revised WPI series: Expanded commodity basket from 697 items to 957 items, including solar power and wind power

POLITY

6. DELHI HIGH COURT RECOGNISES RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN

Current Context: In a landmark judgment, the Delhi High Court recognized the ‘Right to be Forgotten’ as an integral part of the Right to Privacy under Article 21 of the Constitution.

ABOUT THE RIGHT

• The Right to Be Forgotten allows an individual to seek the removal, delinking, masking, or restriction of access to personal information available online when its continued availability is no longer necessary or causes disproportionate harm.
• It aims to protect an individual’s privacy, dignity, and reputation in the digital age.
• Based on principle of: Informational self-determination
• Global origin: 2014 European Court of Justice ruling (Google Spain v. AEPD), codified in EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
• Indian context: Supreme Court’s 2017 K.S. Puttaswamy judgment declared privacy a fundamental right. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 provides safeguards relating to personal data protection, though it does not explicitly create a broad RTBF comparable to the European model.
• Delhi High Court verdict framework: De-indexing mandate (disable name-based search functionality), masking/redacting personal identifiers while keeping legal reasoning public

ENVIRONMENT & WATER

7. MAHA WATER MISSION LAUNCHED

Current Context: Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh and Jal Shakti Minister launched the ₹200-crore MAHA Water Mission to accelerate innovation in the water sector.

ABOUT MAHA WATER MISSION

• MAHA stands for Mission for Advancement in High-impact Areas (Water).
• It is a joint initiative of the Anusandhan National Research Foundation and the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
• Objective: To promote research, innovation, and technology-driven solutions for sustainable water management, improved water security, and climate resilience in India.
• Five priority themes: Water resource assessment and sustainable management, Drinking water, Water quality and ecological health, Water use efficiency and circular economy, Climate resilience and adaptation

About ANRF

• Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) is the apex body established to strengthen and promote research, innovation, and entrepreneurship across India’s universities, colleges, research institutions, and industries.
• It was created through the Anusandhan National Research Foundation Act, 2023.

DEFENCE

8. INDIA CONDUCTS SUCCESSFUL FLIGHT-TEST OF RUDRA M-II MISSILE

Current Context: DRDO and the Indian Air Force successfully conducted flight-tests of the indigenous RudraM-II air-to-surface missile on 2 June 2026.

ABOUT RUDRA M-II

• RudraM-II is an indigenously developed air-to-surface precision strike missile.
• Developed by Research Centre Imarat (RCI), Defence Research and Development Organisation for the Indian Air Force.
• It is designed to neutralize against ground-based targets such as radar stations, air-defence systems, command centres, and other high-value targets. .
• Estimated strike range of around 300-350 km.

About DRDO

• Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is India’s premier agency responsible for research, development, and production of defence technologies and systems.
• It functions under the Ministry of Defence, Government of India.
• Established in 1958 through the merger of:
• Headquarters: New Delhi

AWARDS 

9. TAMIL NADU FARMER HONOURED AS UN FAO SOIL FARMER HERO

Current Context: Tamil Nadu farmer Valluvan transformed his loss-making coconut farm into a profitable multi-crop agroforestry model, earning recognition as a UN FAO Soil Farmer Hero.

ABOUT THE ACHIEVEMENT

• FAO Soil Farmer Hero is a recognition by the Food and Agriculture Organization for farmers who demonstrate outstanding efforts in soil conservation, sustainable soil management, and regenerative agriculture
• Farmer: Valluvan (58 years, Pollachi district, Tamil Nadu)
• Transformation: From loss-making coconut farm (₹500 spent per tree, earned only ₹300) to profitable multi-crop enterprise
• Farm diversification: Earlier 3 crop varieties, now over 14 different crops (coconut, nutmeg, pepper, turmeric, elephant yam, curry leaves, seven varieties of bananas)

AWARDS 

10. INDIAN STUDENTS WIN EARTH PRIZE 2026 WITH PLAS-STICK INNOVATION

Current Context: Three Indian students Vivaan Chhawchharia, Ariana Agarwal, and Avyana Mehta won the The Earth Prize 2026 for developing Plas-Stick, an innovative low-cost solution to remove microplastics from water

ABOUT THE INNOVATION

• Plas-Stick is a biodegradable powder made from waste tamarind seeds.
• When added to contaminated water, it attracts and binds microplastic particles, causing them to clump together.
• These clumps can then be removed using a handheld magnet, leaving cleaner water behind

About THE EARTH PRIZE

• The Earth Prize is a global environmental sustainability competition for students aged 13-19 years.
• Organized by the The Earth Foundation.
• Encourages youth-led solutions to environmental challenges and provides funding and mentorship for promising innovations

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