Prelims Current Affairs includes Hiroshima Day, Former J&K Governor News, India become 5th Largest Aviation Market, Child Rescue Operation in Telangana, Russia in Sahel Region, Ayurveda Aahara and UN World Progrmme.

IMPORTANT DAY

1. HIROSHIMA DAY

Observed every year on 6 August

Objective: To remember the day when the first atomic bomb was dropped on the city of Hiroshima in Japan in the year 1945.

• The bombing killed over 1,40,000 people by the end of that year, most of them were civilians.

• The day is also called Atomic Bomb Day (A-Bomb Day) and is observed around the world to promote nuclear disarmament and world peace.

PERSON IN NEWS

2. FORMER JAMMU AND KASHMIR GOVERNOR SATYA PAL MALIK PASSES AWAY

Current Context: Satya Pal Malik, a well-known politician and former Governor of multiple Indian states, passed away at the age of 79.

ABOUT SATYA PAL MALIK
Personal Background

• Born in the year 1946 in Hisawada village, Baghpat district, Uttar Pradesh.

• He completed his Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) and Law degree (LLB) from Meerut University.

Political Journey

• Entered politics in the 1970s as a socialist leader.

• In 1974, elected as a Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Baghpat under the Bharatiya Kranti Dal.

• Later, he served:

  • As a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha (1980–1989)

  • As a Member of Lok Sabha (1989–1991)

Governorship Roles

• Held the position of Governor in the following states:

  • Bihar (2017–2018)

  • Odisha (2018)

  • Jammu and Kashmir (2018–2019)

  • Goa (2019–2020)

  • Meghalaya (2020–2022)

ECONOMY

3. INDIA BECOMES WORLD’S 5TH BIGGEST AVIATION MARKET

Current Context: India officially became the world’s 5th largest aviation market, according to the World Air Transport Statistics (WATS) released by the International Air Transport Association (IATA).

• India handled 241 million air passengers, showing a growth of 11.1 percent from 2023.

• The Mumbai–Delhi air route was ranked as the 7th busiest air route in the world.

ABOUT INDIA’S AVIATION GROWTH

• Passengers Handled (2024): 241 million

• Growth from 2023: 11.1 percent

• 2023 Passenger Data: 211 million

• India Overtook: Japan (205 million passengers)

• Top 4 Countries:

  • United States – 876 million passengers

  • China – 741 million passengers

  • United Kingdom – 261 million passengers

  • Spain – 241 million passengers

INITIATIVE

4. OPERATION MUSKAAN-XI (CHILD RESCUE MISSION IN TELANGANA)

Current Context: Operation Muskaan-XI was conducted across Telangana from 1 to 31 July 2025.

• The mission aimed to rescue children from exploitation and hazardous working conditions.

SCOPE AND SCALE

• Total Children Rescued: 7,678

  • Boys: 7,149

  • Girls: 529

• Children from Other States: 3,787 (from 12 states)

• Children from Nepal: 3,783

• High-Risk Rescue Zones: Railway stations, Bus stands, Brick kilns, Construction sites, Religious places.

INTERNATIONAL

5. RUSSIA STRENGTHENS INFLUENCE IN SAHEL REGION

Current Context: Russia has signed a nuclear agreement with Niger, increasing its presence and influence in the Sahel region of West Africa.

• This move comes at a time when the region is already facing political instability, terrorism, and foreign competition for resources.

ABOUT SAHEL REGION

• Location: A semiarid belt across western and north-central Africa

• Stretch: About 5,000 kilometres, from Atlantic Ocean (Senegal) to Red Sea (Eritrea)

• Region Type: Transitional zone between the Sahara Desert in the north and the humid savannas in the south

COUNTRIES COVERED: Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea

VEGETATION AND CLIMATE

• Type: Semiarid steppe (dry grassland)

• Plants: Low grass, thorny bushes, acacia and baobab trees

• Climate: Long dry seasons, low rainfall

POLICY AND PROGRAMME

6. AYURVEDA AAHARA: NEW FOOD CATEGORY ANNOUNCED

Current Context: The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), in partnership with the Ministry of AYUSH, has released a detailed list of food items under the “Ayurveda Aahara” category.

• This was done as part of the Food Safety and Standards (Ayurveda Aahara) Regulations, 2022.

ABOUT AYURVEDA AAHARA

• Meaning: Foods based on principles of Ayurveda, India’s ancient wellness system

• Focus:

  • Balance of body and nature

  • Seasonal eating

  • Use of natural herbs and ingredients with health benefits

• Regulatory Base: Foods listed are based on classical Ayurvedic texts (listed in Schedule A of the regulation)

ORGANISATION

7. UN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME

Current Context: India, in partnership with the United Nations World Food Programme (UN WFP), has launched a new project in Nepal.

• The aim is to improve Rice Fortification and Supply Chain Management, helping tackle malnutrition and food insecurity in the region.

ABOUT UN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP)

• Founded: In the year 1961

• Type: A branch of the United Nations focused on hunger elimination and global food security

• Guiding Goal: Sustainable Development Goal 2 – End hunger, ensure food security and nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030

KEY FEATURES

• Work Areas:

  • Provides food during emergencies (wars, disasters)

  • Supports nutrition programmes and builds community resilience

• Presence: Active in more than 120 countries

• Funding: Based on voluntary donations from governments, companies, and private individuals

• Award: Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020

• Reports Published:

  • Global Report on Food Crisis – Highlights the level of acute hunger across the world

• Headquarters: Located in Rome, Italy

• Member Of: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

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