Prelims Current Affairs includes International Literacy Day 2026, 16th National Meet Of Biodiversity Boards, Mount Anak Krakatau Erupts, Rangpur-Sivasagar Historical Ensemble, Exercise Veer Guardian 2026, Satwik-Chirag Win China Masters 2026 & Joheirry Mola Crowned Miss World 2026

IMPORTANT DAYS

1. INTERNATIONAL LITERACY DAY 2026

Current Context: International Literacy Day is observed every year on 8 September to highlight the importance of literacy for individuals, societies and sustainable development.

ABOUT INTERNATIONAL LITERACY DAY

• First observed: 1967
• Proclaimed by: UNESCO in 1966 (14th session of General Conference)
• 2026 edition: 60th International Literacy Day
• 2026 Theme: “Literacy for People, Planet and Prosperity”
• The day reminds policymakers, educators and the public that literacy is fundamental to education, inclusion, dignity, employment and sustainable development

ENVIRONMENT

2. 16TH NATIONAL MEET OF BIODIVERSITY BOARDS

Current Context: 16th National Meet of State Biodiversity Boards and UT Biodiversity Councils held in Chandigarh.

ABOUT THE MEETING

• Organised by: National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
• The meet brought together Chairpersons and Member Secretaries of SBBs and UTBCs, along with senior government officials, scientists and biodiversity experts

Biodiversity Governance Framework:

Legal Framework:

• Biological Diversity Act, 2002
• Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023
• Biological Diversity Rules, 2024

Key Data:

• 76 lakh+ Biodiversity Management Committees
• People’s Biodiversity Registers prepared at local level

International Frameworks:

• Convention on Biological Diversity (1992, entered 1993)
• Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (2010)

PLACES IN NEWS

3. MOUNT ANAK KRAKATAU ERUPTS

Current Context: Mount Anak Krakatau erupted on 6 September 2026, sending ash to 50,000 feet and disrupting flights in Indonesia.

ABOUT ANAK KRAKATAU

• Anak Krakatau literally means “Child of Krakatau.”
• It is an active volcanic island located in the Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra, Indonesia.
• It lies within the Pacific Ring of Fire, making the region highly prone to volcanic and seismic activity.
• Anak Krakatau emerged from the volcanic system of the Krakatau volcano, whose catastrophic eruption occurred in 1883.
• Alert Level:3 (since 2 July 2026)

PLACES IN NEWS

4. Rangpur-Sivasagar Historical Ensemble

Current Context: The Rangpur-Sivasagar Historical Ensemble in Assam has been added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List, recognising the architectural, cultural and technological achievements of the Ahom dynasty, which ruled the region for nearly six centuries.

ABOUT RANGPUR-SIVASAGAR HISTORICAL ENSEMBLE

• Location: Sivasagar district, Assam, in the Upper Brahmaputra Valley
• Historical Significance: Represents nearly 600 years of Ahom rule in Assam
• Major Features: Palaces, temples, artificial tanks, roads, bridges, fortifications and ceremonial structures

MAJOR HERITAGE FEATURES

• Talatal Ghar: Former royal palace complex and an important military and administrative structure at Rangpur
• Rang Ghar: Royal entertainment pavilion used for watching sports and cultural performances
• Joysagar Tank: Built by King Rudra Singha in memory of his mother, Queen Jayamati
• Gaurisagar Tank: Built in honour of Queen Phulesvari Devi
• Sivasagar Tank: Built during the reign of Siva Singha and associated with the town of Sivasagar

SIGNIFICANCE

• Integrated Landscape: Demonstrates the Ahom integration of architecture, hydraulic engineering, military strategy and cultural practices
• Water Management: Large artificial tanks served water storage, agricultural, religious, civil and commemorative purposes
• Living Cultural Landscape: Temples, rituals, festivals and traditional practices give the site significance beyond individual monuments
• Strategic Importance: The region was connected to trade networks linking Northeast India with East and Southeast Asia.

DEFENCE

5.  EXERCISE VEER GUARDIAN 2026

Current Context: Japanese Air Self-Defense Force contingent arrived in Jodhpur ahead of Exercise Veer Guardian 2026.

ABOUT THE EXERCISE

• Type:Bilateral air exercise
• Between:Indian Air Force (IAF) and Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF)
• Location:Jodhpur, Rajasthan
• First Edition:2023 at Hyakuri Air Base, Japan

Purpose:

• Enhance interoperability and operational synergy
• Improve tactical proficiency
• Deepen mutual understanding

SPORTS

6. SATWIK-CHIRAG WIN CHINA MASTERS 2026

Current Context: Satwiksairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty won China Masters Super 750 title.

ABOUT THE MATCH

• Opponents:He Ji Ting and Ren Xiang Yu (China)
• Duration:1 hour 10 minutes
• Venue:Shenzhen, China

Key Highlights:

• Second Super 750 crown of 2026 season
• Unbeaten record against He and Ren (3-0)
• Previously silver in 2023 and 2025 editions

AWARDS & HONOURS

7. JOHEIRRY MOLA CROWNED MISS WORLD 2026

Current Context: Joheirry Mola from Dominican Republic won Miss World 2026 in Vietnam.

ABOUT MISS WORLD 2026

• 1st Runner-up:Elisabeth Reynés (Spain)
• 2nd Runner-up:Taanusiya Chetty (Malaysia)
• Venue:Vietnam
• Edition:73rd
• India’s Performance:
• Nikita Porwal (Femina Miss India World 2024) – Top 40

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