Prelims Current Affairs includes Civil Aviation launched the Fare Se Fursat Fixed Airfare Scheme, India and Mongolia celebrated 70 years of diplomatic ties and 10 years of Strategic Partnership, Nobel Prize in Literature 2025, The 2025 Global Hunger Index (GHI), Concern Worldwide (Ireland), Welthungerhilfe (Germany), and IFHV, Forest Declaration Assessment Report (2025) and world is off track to halt deforestation by 2030.

IMPORTANT DAY

1. INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR THE ERADICATION OF POVERTY

• Observed annually on October 17.

• Aim: The day promotes understanding between people living in poverty and the broader society.

FIRST COMMEMORATION

• Year: 1987, Paris, France (“World Day to Overcome Poverty”).

UN RECOGNITION

• Year: 1992 – United Nations officially designated October 17 as the day.

THEME (2025):

“Ending social and institutional maltreatment by ensuring respect and effective support for families.”

SCHEME

2. FARE SE FURSAT FIXED AIRFARE SCHEME

Current Context: The Minister of Civil Aviation launched the Fare Se Fursat Fixed Airfare Scheme to provide relief from fluctuating airfares.

ABOUT THE SCHEME

• Implemented by: Alliance Air (government-owned regional carrier).

• Objective: Transparency and stability in airfare pricing.

• Pilot Phase: October 13 – December 31, 2025.

• Coverage: Selected routes connecting Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities under the UDAN scheme.

BENEFITS:

• ✓ Fixed fare even on the day of departure.

• ✓ Encourages first-time flyers and enhances affordable regional connectivity.

INTERNATIONAL

3. INDIA–MONGOLIA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS (70 YEARS)

Current Context: India and Mongolia celebrated 70 years of diplomatic ties and 10 years of Strategic Partnership during the Mongolian President’s visit to India.

KEY MoUs AND AREAS OF COOPERATION

• Development: Continued work on the Mongol Oil Refinery Project (US$ 1.7 billion Line of Credit).

• Culture: MoU between Ladakh Hill Council and Arkhangai Province of Mongolia.

• Spiritual: Sending holy relics of Lord Buddha’s disciples and digitizing 1 million Buddhist manuscripts.

• Others: Free e-Visas for Mongolian citizens and cooperation in uranium and critical minerals.

SIGNIFICANCE

• Strategic: Enhances India’s presence in Northeast Asia and supports a Free & Open Indo-Pacific.

• Economic: Trade value of USD 110.8 million (2024); cooperation in coking coal and energy.

• Defense: Joint military exercises — Nomadic Elephant and Khaan Quest.

REPORT

4. GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX 2025

Current Context: The 2025 Global Hunger Index (GHI) titled “20 Years of Tracking Progress: Time to Recommit to Zero Hunger” was released.

ABOUT THE REPORT

• Published by: Concern Worldwide (Ireland), Welthungerhilfe (Germany), and IFHV.

• India’s Rank: 102nd out of 123 countries with a GHI score of 25.8 (Serious).

KEY FINDINGS

• Hunger reduction has stalled since 2016.

• Main causes: Conflict, climate change, inflation, and inequality.

INDICATORS OF GHI:

• ✓ Undernourishment

• ✓ Child Stunting

• ✓ Child Wasting

• ✓ Child Mortality

5. FOREST DECLARATION ASSESSMENT 2025 REPORT

Current Context: The latest Forest Declaration Assessment Report (2025) warns that the world is off track to halt deforestation by 2030.

KEY FINDINGS

• Deforestation Rate: 8.1 million hectares lost in 2024 (63% above required trajectory).

• Harmful Subsidies: Outweigh green subsidies by 200:1.

Main Drivers:

• ✓ Permanent Agriculture (86%) — oil palm, cacao, orchards, pasture.

• ✓ Mining (77%) — near key biodiversity areas.

• ✓ Environmental Crimes — worth $281 billion annually.

GLOBAL RESTORATION TARGETS

• Bonn Challenge (2030): Restore 350 million hectares of degraded land.

• India’s Pledge: Restore 26 million hectares by 2030.

• KM-GBF (2022): Restore 30% of degraded ecosystems by 2030.

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