Prelims Current Affairs includes 350th Martyrdom Day of Guru Teg Bahadur, BIRSA 101 Gene Therapy, Constitution (131st Amendment) Bill 2025, Womaniya Initiative, Meerut Bugle, 53rd Chief Justice of India, Lakshya Sen Clinches Australian Open Super 500 Title.

IMPORTANT DAYS

1. 350TH MARTYRDOM DAY OF GURU TEG BAHADUR

Current Context: The President of India paid tribute to Guru Teg Bahadur on his 350th Martyrdom Day on 24th November.

ABOUT GURU TEG BAHADUR:

• He was the 9th Sikh Guru, revered for his teachings, bravery, and martyrdom.
• Early Life and Lineage: Born on 21st April 1621 in Amritsar to Guru Hargobind and Mata Nanki; originally named Tyag Mal.
• Contributions and Leadership: Contributed 116 hymns to Guru Granth Sahib; travelled widely to spread Sikh teachings; founded Chak-Nanki, later Shri Anandpur Sahib.
• Martyrdom and Legacy: Executed in 1675 in Delhi by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for defending religious freedom; revered as “Hind di Chadar”.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2. BIRSA 101 GENE THERAPY

Current Context: India launched its first indigenous CRISPR-based gene therapy for Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), named BIRSA 101 — a milestone in affordable genomic medicine.

ABOUT BIRSA 101 GENE THERAPY:

• India’s first indigenous CRISPR gene-editing therapy for Sickle Cell Disease (SCD).
• Developed by: CSIR–Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (IGIB).
• Technology Partner: Serum Institute of India for scale-up & national deployment.
• Named After: Birsa Munda (150th birth anniversary).
• Objective:
  1.Support India’s mission of a Sickle Cell–Free India by 2047
  2.Provide affordable gene-therapy alternative to global treatments costing ₹20–25 crore

POLITY

3. CONSTITUTION (131ST AMENDMENT) BILL, 2025

Current Context: The proposed bill triggered political debate after seeking to bring Chandigarh under Article 240, altering its administrative structure.

ABOUT CONSTITUTION (131st AMENDMENT) BILL, 2025:

• Proposes including Chandigarh under Article 240, allowing the President to frame regulations for the UT.
• Aim: Simplify the Centre’s law-making process and bring Chandigarh’s governance in line with UTs without legislatures.

Key Features:

• Places Chandigarh under Article 240 (President can issue regulations with force of law).
• Provides for an independent Administrator (instead of Punjab’s Governor).
• Reduces Punjab’s traditional administrative role.

ECONOMY

4. WOMANIYA INITIATIVE

Current Context: Government e-Marketplace (GeM) and UN Women signed an MoU under the Womaniya initiative to support women entrepreneurs and advance SDG 5.

ABOUT WOMANIYA INITIATIVE:
Launched: 2019
Purpose: Empower women-led MSEs, SHGs, artisans & marginalized women to sell directly to the government.
Objective: Address triple challenge—access to markets, access to finance, and access to value-addition.

5. MEERUT BUGLE

Current Context: The Bugle — a key military instrument used in commands, drills, parades & wars — has received a GI Tag.

ABOUT MEERUT BUGLE:

• Bugle-making in Meerut dates back to late 19th century.
• Used during British India as a command instrument and retains ceremonial importance.
• Symbolically linked to India’s military culture and regimental heritage.

APPOINTMENTS

6. 53RD CHIEF JUSTICE OF INDIA

Current Context: Justice Surya Kant will take oath as the 53rd CJI on 24 November 2025, succeeding CJI B. R. Gavai.

Tenure: Until 9 February 2027 — one of the longer recent CJI tenures.

Constitutional Provisions:
Article 124(1): Establishes Supreme Court (CJI + other judges).
Article 124(2): CJI & judges appointed by President.
Article 126: Appointment of Acting CJI.
Article 127: Appointment of ad-hoc judges.
Article 128: Retired judges may sit in SC.

SPORTS

7. LAKSHYA SEN CLINCHES AUSTRALIAN OPEN SUPER 500 TITLE

Current Context: Lakshya Sen won the 2025 Australian Open Super 500 title, defeating Japan’s Yushi Tanaka 21-15, 21-11 — his first title of the year.

About:

• Ranked World No. 14.
• Match lasted 38 minutes; complete dominance by Sen.
• This is his third Super 500 title & first win of 2025.

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