Prelims Current Affairs includes Turkey to Host COP31, Seychelles Becomes New Member of Colombo Security Conclave, Coastal Security Exercise ‘Sagar Kavach’, PMFBY Expansion to Cover Wildlife Damage and Paddy Inundation, Codex Alimentarius Commission, Former Chile President Gets Indira Gandhi Peace Prize.

ENVIRONMENT

1. TURKEY TO HOST COP31

Current Context: Turkey has been confirmed as the host of COP31, the 2026 UN Climate Change Conference, following a diplomatic compromise with Australia.
This agreement, reached during COP30 in Brazil, ends a prolonged hosting dispute and ensures continued momentum in global climate negotiations.
Both Turkey and Australia had submitted formal bids in 2022, causing a stalemate.

ABOUT

UNFCCC: Established in 1992
COP: Annual climate conference
COP21 (2015): Paris Agreement
COP27 (2022): Loss & Damage Fund
COP30 (2025): Held in Brazil; focused on climate finance & adaptation

INTERNATIONAL

2. SEYCHELLES BECOMES NEW MEMBER OF COLOMBO SECURITY CONCLAVE

Current Context: Seychelles joined the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) at the 7th NSA-level meeting in New Delhi, enhancing regional maritime security cooperation in the Indian Ocean.

ABOUT THE COLOMBO SECURITY CONCLAVE:

• A multilateral grouping for cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region.
• Five core pillars:
  1. Maritime Safety & Security
  2. Counter-terrorism & Radicalisation
  3. Combating Trafficking & Transnational Crime
  4. Cybersecurity & Critical Infrastructure Protection
  5. HADR (Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief)

EXERCISE

3. COASTAL SECURITY EXERCISE ‘SAGAR KAVACH’

Current Context: The biannual coastal security exercise ‘Sagar Kavach’ has begun in Cuddalore and Villupuram districts of Tamil Nadu.

About:
Host: Indian Coast Guard
Aim: Validate coastal SOPs & assess preparedness against intrusion, sabotage, smuggling, terrorist infiltration

SCHEMES

4. PMFBY EXPANSION TO COVER WILDLIFE DAMAGE AND PADDY INUNDATION

Current Context: PMFBY will now cover crop loss due to wild animal attacks & paddy inundation starting Kharif 2026.

ABOUT THE SCHEME

• Launched in 2016 (Central Sector Scheme)
• Eligibility: All farmers including sharecroppers & tenant farmers
• Premium: 2% Kharif, 1.5% Rabi & 5% Commercial/horticultural crops
• Govt Subsidy: Full premium for NE states, J&K, Himachal Pradesh
• Process: Farmers must report losses within 72 hours via crop insurance app with geo-tagged photos.

ORGANISATION

5. CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION

Current Context: India has been re-elected to the Codex Executive Committee for Asia until 2027.

ABOUT CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION

A collection of global food standards for food safety & fair trade.
Established: 1963 by FAO & WHO
Objective: Protect consumer health & ensure fair practices in food trade
Members: 189 (188 countries + EU)
HQ: Rome, Italy
Meetings: Annual sessions between Geneva & Rome

AWARD

6. FORMER CHILE PRESIDENT GETS INDIRA GANDHI PEACE PRIZE

Current Context: Michelle Bachelet, former Chile President, received the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize 2024.

ABOUT THE AWARD

• Established: 1986 by Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust
• Ceremony: Usually on Nov 19 (Indira Gandhi’s birth anniversary)
• Given for contributions in: Peace, Disarmament and Development

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