Prelims Current Affairs includes International Mountain Day, UNICEF Day, Global Humane Society Animal Welfare Award, AI Green Data Centre, Maharashtra Solar Pump World Record, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-7), Japan Earthquake.

IMPORTANT DAYS

1. INTERNATIONAL MOUNTAIN DAY

Observed every year on 11 December.

Aim: To raise awareness about the importance of mountains in providing water, clean energy, food, and recreation.
Theme 2025: “Glaciers matter for water, food and livelihoods in mountains and beyond”.

2. UNICEF DAY

Observed on 11 December by the United Nations.
Aim: To recognise the essential role of UNICEF in protecting children worldwide.

ABOUT UNICEF

Type: United Nations agency dedicated to child welfare
Full Form: United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
Established: 1946 to support children in post–World War II Europe
Permanent UN Agency: 1953
Name Change: Dropped “International” in 1954
Headquarters: New York, USA
Global Presence: Works in more than 190 countries and territories
Core Areas: Health, education, nutrition, child protection

AWARDS

3. GLOBAL HUMANE SOCIETY ANIMAL WELFARE AWARD

Current Context: Anant Ambani, founder of Vantara, has been honoured with the Global Humanitarian Award for Animal Welfare by the Global Humane Society.

ABOUT THE RECOGNITION

• Youngest and first Asian to receive this honour
• Awarded for advancing modern wildlife conservation and animal welfare

ABOUT GLOBAL HUMANE SOCIETY

• Founded: 1877
• Oldest national humane organisation in the United States
• World’s largest certifier of animal welfare standards
• Past recipients include Shirley MacLaine, John Wayne, Betty White, John F. Kennedy, Bill Clinton

ABOUT VANTARA INITIATIVE

• Model centre for wildlife rescue and rehabilitation
• Uses scientific conservation and long-term care practices
• Globally certified for compassionate animal treatment

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

4. AI GREEN DATA CENTRE

Current Context: Adani Group announced the establishment of a 40 MW AI Green Data Centre in Hyderabad.

ABOUT THE PROJECT

Investment: ₹2,500 crore
Purpose: Support artificial intelligence, cloud services, and high-performance computing
Significance: Strengthens India’s digital infrastructure and innovation ecosystem

ABOUT AI GREEN DATA CENTRES

• Sustainable facilities optimised for AI workloads
• Use renewable energy, advanced cooling, and energy-efficient technologies
• Minimise environmental impact while enabling high-performance computing

STATE IN NEWS

5. MAHARASHTRA – SOLAR PUMP WORLD RECORD

Current Context: Maharashtra created a Guinness World Record by installing 45,911 off-grid solar agricultural pumps in 30 days.

ABOUT THE ACHIEVEMENT

• 2nd globally after China in rapid solar pump deployment
• Supports clean irrigation and reduces electricity demand

SCHEMES INVOLVED

• PM-KUSUM (Component B)
• Magel Tyala Saur Krushi Pump Yojana

STATE TARGETS

• 7.47 lakh solar pumps installed so far
• Target: 10.45 lakh installations
• Enhances energy independence and climate-resilient agriculture

HISTORY

6. BANKIM CHANDRA CHATTOPADHYAY

Current Context: PM marked 150 years of the national song ‘Vande Mataram’.

ABOUT BANKIM CHANDRA CHATTOPADHYAY

• Renowned Indian novelist and poet; called “Sahitya Samrat”
• Born: 27 June 1838, Kantalpara, Bengal
• Famous Work: Anand Math (1882) — based on the Sannyasi Rebellion
• Wrote Vande Mataram in Sanskrit
• First sung by Rabindranath Tagore in 1896 (INC Session)
• One of the first two graduates of the University of Calcutta
• Died: 8 April 1894

ORGANISATION

7. UN ENVIRONMENT ASSEMBLY (UNEA-7)

Current Context: The 7th UN Environment Assembly is being held in Nairobi, Kenya.

ABOUT UNEA

• Highest global decision-making body on environment
• Created: 2012 at Rio+20 Summit
• Members: All 193 UN Member States
• Meets every two years in Nairobi

FUNCTIONS

• Sets global environmental agenda
• Guides policy responses to environmental challenges
• Reviews progress of UNEP
• Strengthens international partnerships

Theme 2025: “Advancing sustainable solutions for a resilient planet”

INTERNATIONAL

8. JAPAN — EARTHQUAKE

Current Context: Japan’s northern coast was hit by a major earthquake, followed by multiple tsunami waves.

ABOUT JAPAN

• Island nation in East Asia, Northwestern Pacific Ocean
• Capital: Tokyo
• Government: Parliamentary system under constitutional monarchy

GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES

• Four major islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu
• Over 80% mountainous terrain
• Located on the Pacific Ring of Fire
• Highest Peak: Mount Fuji (3,776 m)
• Longest River: Shinano River

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