Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct: Since the Sun is a ball of gas/plasma, it does not have to rotate rigidly like the solid planets and moons do. In fact, the Sun’s equatorial regions rotate faster (taking only about 24 days) than the polar regions (which rotate once in more than 30 days).
o This differential rotation persists to about a third of the way inside the Sun, where the rotation becomes uniform from pole to pole.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Sunspots are areas that appear dark on the surface of the Sun. They appear dark because they are cooler than other parts of the Sun’s surface. Solar flares are a sudden explosion of energy caused by tangling, crossing or reorganizing of magnetic field lines near sunspots.

Explanation:
The red color of blood is due to the presence of hemoglobin. It is an iron-rich compound and provides red color to red blood cells. They are responsible for red color of blood. White blood cells are colorless due to the lack of hemoglobin. White blood cells are also known as Leucocytes. Hence statement 1 is correct.
The lines of defense against diseases:
The first line of defense (or outside defense system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are Always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, Sweating etc.
The second line of defense is a group of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body.
This is the immune system.The cells involved are white blood cells (leukocytes), which seek out and Destroy disease-causing organisms or substances. Hence statement 2nd is not correct.
If the pathogens are able to get past the first line of defense, for example, through a cut in your skin, and An infection develops, the second line of defense becomes active. Through a sequence of steps called the Immune response, the immune system attacks these pathogens.

Explanation:
• The prokaryotic cells are represented by bacteria, blue-green algae, mycoplasma and PPLO (PleuroPneumonia Like Organisms). They are generally smaller and multiply more rapidly than the eukaryotic Cells.
• Prokaryotes have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane except in mycoplasma. The fluid matrix Filling the cell is the cytoplasm. There is no well-defined nucleus. The genetic material is basically naked, Not enveloped by a nuclear membrane. In addition to the genomic DNA (single chromosome/circular DNA), many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. This smaller DNA are called Plasmids. No organelles, like the ones in eukaryotes, are found in prokaryotic cells except for Ribosomes. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
• The eukaryotes include all the protists, plants, animals and fungi. In eukaryotic cells, there is an extensive compartmentalisation of cytoplasm through the presence of membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells possess an organised nucleus with a nuclear envelope. Hence statement 2 is not correct.
• In addition, eukaryotic cells have a variety of complex locomotory and cytoskeletal structures. Their Genetic material is organised into chromosomes. All eukaryotic cells are not identical. Plant and animal Cells are different as the former possess cell walls, plastids and a large central vacuole which are absent in Animal cells. On the other hand, animal cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all plant cells.

Explanation:
India is on track to operationally deploy its own long-range air defense system by 2028-29. This indigenous system is designed to detect and destroy a wide array of threats, including stealth fighters, aircraft, drones, cruise missiles, and precision-guided munitions at ranges of up to 350 km. The ambitious project, known as Project Kusha, is under the purview of the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO). The Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (LR-SAM) is being developed to provide interception capabilities similar to the Russian S-400 Triumf air defense system recently inducted by the Indian Air Force (IAF).

Explanation:
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister MK Stalin launched ‘Meendum Manjappai’ scheme to reduce the use of  plastic bags, replacing them with cloth bags in 2021. Recently, the Tamil Nadu state environment department has opened a ‘Meendum Manjappai’ kiosk worth 25 lakh at Besant Nagar beach, Chennai, to create awareness on plastic pollution and to enforce the ban on single-use plastic. It has a cloth bag vending slot and a plastic bottle-crushing machine.

Explanation:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina together inaugurated the Agartala-Akhaura cross-border rail link project.
This railway connection is expected to enhance cross-border trade and substantially decrease the travel time between Agartala and Kolkata via Dhaka.

Explanation:
Two Indian cities, Gwalior and Kozhikode, have recently become part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.
Madhya Pradesh’s Gwalior made the cut in the ‘Music’ category, while Kerala’s Kozhikode has earned its place in the list in the ‘Literature’ category. Globally, 55 cities joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network on World Cities Day, which was observed on October 31.

Explanation:
The most recent assessment on agricultural policy and support worldwide by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has highlighted that in 2022, Indian farmers incurred an implicit tax of $169 billion.
This tax was a result of export bans, duties, or permits imposed on various commodities, including wheat and rice, in an effort to stabilize prices for consumers. As a consequence of these measures, the overall market price support (MPS) for farmers in 2022 turned negative.

Explanation:
Virat Kohli equals record of Indian cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar at 49 ODI centuries. He also becomes the second batter, after Sachin Tendulkar (6976), to score 6000 runs in ODIs in India. It took Tendulkar 451 ODI innings to get to 49 tons while Virat Kohli reached the milestone in just his 277th innings, in his 289th match.